This documentation is for Dovecot v1.x, see wiki2 for v2.x documentation.
Differences between revisions 25 and 26
Revision 25 as of 2004-12-13 20:05:30
Size: 20087
Editor: port-212-202-8-182
Comment: The example ldif uses "cn=dovecot", but later it said "uid=dovecot". Changed.
Revision 26 as of 2005-09-06 03:00:51
Size: 22198
Editor: 222
Comment:
Deletions are marked like this. Additions are marked like this.
Line 12: Line 12:
This sets up mail accounts for people who don't have accounts on 
the FBSD box; e.g. there is a mail account for ole_wobble in the LDAP 
registry, but no matching account in the Unix passwd file. However, each 
mail account does require its own directory in /var/mail; e.g. for user 
Ole Wobble Olson, you need the directory /var/mail/ole_wobble. There is a 
Unix account named postoffice which handles all administrative tasks and 
owns the directories and files set up for mail accounts in /var/mail. The 
This sets up mail accounts for people who don't have accounts on
the FBSD box; e.g. there is a mail account for ole_wobble in the LDAP
registry, but no matching account in the Unix passwd file. However, each
mail account does require its own directory in /var/mail; e.g. for user
Ole Wobble Olson, you need the directory /var/mail/ole_wobble. There is a
Unix account named postoffice which handles all administrative tasks and
owns the directories and files set up for mail accounts in /var/mail. The
Line 24: Line 24:
Mail storage is mbox, but these instructions should work fine with Maildir 
directories. The UID number for the postoffice account is 3000 and the GID 
Mail storage is mbox, but these instructions should work fine with Maildir
directories. The UID number for the postoffice account is 3000 and the GID
Line 28: Line 28:
In each user directory in /var/mail, I create three files: inbox, outbox, 
and Trash. These are needed for the MUAs (mail clients) we use. Eudora 
requires the inbox to be "inbox", all lower case; mutt requires the outbox 
to be "outbox", all lower case, and Eudora uses a trash box named "Trash". 

If you want to use raw logging, you will need to add a directory named 
"dovecot.rawlog" to /home/postoffice. 
In each user directory in /var/mail, I create three files: inbox, outbox,
and Trash. These are needed for the MUAs (mail clients) we use. Eudora
requires the inbox to be "inbox", all lower case; mutt requires the outbox
to be "outbox", all lower case, and Eudora uses a trash box named "Trash".

If you want to use raw logging, you will need to add a directory named
"dovecot.rawlog" to /home/postoffice.
Line 37: Line 37:
The OpenLDAP instructions are ''extremely'' sketchy and are intended only 
to supplement the instructions at the OpenLDAP web site. They give 
information specific to a Dovecot setup that is missing from the 
OpenLDAP manual. 
The OpenLDAP instructions are ''extremely'' sketchy and are intended only
to supplement the instructions at the OpenLDAP web site. They give
information specific to a Dovecot setup that is missing from the
OpenLDAP manual.
Line 44: Line 44:
(this is compatible with Dovecot), then you will need to add the 
--enable-crypt option to the CONFIGRE_ARGS variable in the Makefile so 
that OpenLDAP will compile with CRYPT support. If you don't do this, 
OpenLDAP may actually work for a while, but then one day you'll restart 
the server and OpenLDAP will refuse to run until you remove the CRYPT 
(this is compatible with Dovecot), then you will need to add the
--enable-crypt option to the CONFIGRE_ARGS variable in the Makefile so
that OpenLDAP will compile with CRYPT support. If you don't do this,
OpenLDAP may actually work for a while, but then one day you'll restart
the server and OpenLDAP will refuse to run until you remove the CRYPT
Line 56: Line 56:
The instructions for configuring OpenLDAP, including a Quick Install  The instructions for configuring OpenLDAP, including a Quick Install
Line 59: Line 59:
OpenLDAP appears to be difficult to install properly. My first two 
attempts were unsuccessful. The FreeBSD port includes Pearl scripts 
that run tests to ensure that the installation succeeded. Even though 
the installation passed the tests, it couldn't be configured to work 
properly. On my third attempt, OpenLDAP worked but attempts to limit 
access to specified attributes caused OpenLDAP to refuse access to all 
attributes. On my fourth attempt, OpenLDAP ignored any attempts to limit 
access to specified attributes. While searching for information, I found 
a posting that commented that every installation of OpenLDAP on FreeBSD 
4.8 requires its own config file; each installation behaves differently and 
the config file has to be tuned to the individual installation. You may need 
to install a few times before you get a usable installation of OpenLDAP. 
OpenLDAP appears to be difficult to install properly. My first two
attempts were unsuccessful. The FreeBSD port includes Pearl scripts
that run tests to ensure that the installation succeeded. Even though
the installation passed the tests, it couldn't be configured to work
properly. On my third attempt, OpenLDAP worked but attempts to limit
access to specified attributes caused OpenLDAP to refuse access to all
attributes. On my fourth attempt, OpenLDAP ignored any attempts to limit
access to specified attributes. While searching for information, I found
a posting that commented that every installation of OpenLDAP on FreeBSD
4.8 requires its own config file; each installation behaves differently and
the config file has to be tuned to the individual installation. You may need
to install a few times before you get a usable installation of OpenLDAP.
Line 74: Line 74:
This is the simplest set up. I recommed this for your initial set up and 
testing. Running as root is a security risk, so you probably want to change 
This is the simplest set up. I recommed this for your initial set up and
testing. Running as root is a security risk, so you probably want to change
Line 85: Line 85:
Virginia, there is a slap daemon.) Open the file in a text editor. If 
you have the following line 
{{{
 # Uncomment one of the following: 
Virginia, there is a slap daemon.) Open the file in a text editor. If
you have the following line
{{{
 # Uncomment one of the following:
Line 94: Line 94:
Save your changes and close the text editor.  Save your changes and close the text editor.
Line 97: Line 97:
Create a new user and group named "ldap". ldap needs access to the  Create a new user and group named "ldap". ldap needs access to the
Line 107: Line 107:
By default, slapd listens on all interfaces. On very small LANS, 
the mail and directory services often run on the box that functions 
as the Internet gateway. In that case you don't want slapd listening 
at the external interface, so you need to specify which interfaces you 
do want it to listen on. In the following, the LDAP host name can be 
substituted for the internal IP address, if the host name is not 
By default, slapd listens on all interfaces. On very small LANS,
the mail and directory services often run on the box that functions
as the Internet gateway. In that case you don't want slapd listening
at the external interface, so you need to specify which interfaces you
do want it to listen on. In the following, the LDAP host name can be
substituted for the internal IP address, if the host name is not
Line 115: Line 115:
slapd_args='-u ldap -g ldap -h "ldap://localhost/ ldap://<Internal IP address>/ ldapi://%2fvar%2frun%2fopenldap%2fldapi/????x-mod=0777"' slapd_args='-u ldap -g ldap -h "ldap://localhost/ ldap://&lt;Internal IP address&gt;/ ldapi://%2fvar%2frun%2fopenldap%2fldapi/????x-mod=0777"'
Line 125: Line 125:
in a text editor. You will need the the following lines to reference  in a text editor. You will need the the following lines to reference
Line 132: Line 132:
The following line will set the default password hashing method to the CRYPT  The following line will set the default password hashing method to the CRYPT
Line 137: Line 137:
The Quick Install Guide at the OpenLDAP explains how to set up an 
administrator with global rights on the LDAP registry, and how to add 
entries. 
The Quick Install Guide at the OpenLDAP explains how to set up an
administrator with global rights on the LDAP registry, and how to add
entries.
Line 142: Line 142:
Here is a data hierarchy in ldif format that can be used to 
provide Dovecot mail accounts. You should be able to copy it into an 
ldif file, modify it for your own use, and install it all at once. 
Here is a data hierarchy in ldif format that can be used to
provide Dovecot mail accounts. You should be able to copy it into an
ldif file, modify it for your own use, and install it all at once.
Line 187: Line 187:
The expression "dc=wibble,dc=net" should match the suffix setting 
in slapd.conf. 

If you plan to install this by copying it to a file and running 
The expression "dc=wibble,dc=net" should match the suffix setting
in slapd.conf.

If you plan to install this by copying it to a file and running
Line 193: Line 193:
The uidNumber is set to the uid number of the postoffice account. The 
gidNumber is set to the gid number of the mail group. The homeDirectory 
is set to the home directory of the postoffice account. This allows the 
raw log function to write to that directory. If you don't include the 
homeDirectory attribute, you will have to apply a patch to Dovecot. The 
patch is described below, in the Installing Dovecot section. The use of 
the posixAccount object class requires that you use the uid, cn, uidNumber, 
gidNumber, and homeDirectory attributes (and therefore shouldn't need 
The uidNumber is set to the uid number of the postoffice account. The
gidNumber is set to the gid number of the mail group. The homeDirectory
is set to the home directory of the postoffice account. This allows the
raw log function to write to that directory. If you don't include the
homeDirectory attribute, you will have to apply a patch to Dovecot. The
patch is described below, in the Installing Dovecot section. The use of
the posixAccount object class requires that you use the uid, cn, uidNumber,
gidNumber, and homeDirectory attributes (and therefore shouldn't need
Line 203: Line 203:
The home directory is always set to the home directory of the postoffice 
account. This allows writing raw logs to the postoffice home directory. 

To insert the entries above, save them in a file named wibble.ldif. 
The home directory is always set to the home directory of the postoffice
account. This allows writing raw logs to the postoffice home directory.

To insert the entries above, save them in a file named wibble.ldif.
Line 211: Line 211:
Returning to slap.conf, the following will give dovecot read access to 
the entries in the ou=accounts section, but no write access and no access 
Returning to slap.conf, the following will give dovecot read access to
the entries in the ou=accounts section, but no write access and no access
Line 221: Line 221:
The final step in setting up your LDAP registry is to add the passwords. 
Every account in the ou=accounts section will need one. Assuming that 
you've slavishly imitated the example in the Quick Install Guide at 
the OpenLDAP site and called your LDAP administrator "Manager", you can add 
The final step in setting up your LDAP registry is to add the passwords.
Every account in the ou=accounts section will need one. Assuming that
you've slavishly imitated the example in the Quick Install Guide at
the OpenLDAP site and called your LDAP administrator "Manager", you can add
Line 227: Line 227:
$ ldappasswd -W -S -D "cn=Manager,dc=krig,dc=net" "cn=dovecot,ou=accounts,dc=wibble,dc=net" 
}}}
for the dovecot user and 
{{{
$ ldappasswd -W -S -D "cn=Manager,dc=krig,dc=net" "uid=ole_wobble,ou=accounts,dc=wibble,dc=net" 
}}}
for mail accounts. The -S option prompts you for the new password, and 
$ ldappasswd -W -S -D "cn=Manager,dc=krig,dc=net" "cn=dovecot,ou=accounts,dc=wibble,dc=net"
}}}
for the dovecot user and
{{{
$ ldappasswd -W -S -D "cn=Manager,dc=krig,dc=net" "uid=ole_wobble,ou=accounts,dc=wibble,dc=net"
}}}
for mail accounts. The -S option prompts you for the new password, and
Line 243: Line 243:
Again, the simplest approach is the portinstall tool. If you don't 
include homeDirectory info with your all your LDAP entries, you will 
need a patch. Download the patch from 
 http://dovecot.procontrol.fi/patches/auth-no-homedir.patch 
To apply the patch, go to /usr/ports/mail/dovecot. If you've previously 
installed dovecot and still have the work directory, you need to  remove it.
Again, the simplest approach is the portinstall tool. If you don't
include homeDirectory info with your all your LDAP entries, you will
need a patch. Download the patch from
 http://dovecot.procontrol.fi/patches/auth-no-homedir.patch
To apply the patch, go to /usr/ports/mail/dovecot. If you've previously
installed dovecot and still have the work directory, you need to
remove it.
Line 264: Line 264:
 # patch -p0 < auth-no-homedir.patch  # patch -p0 &lt; auth-no-homedir.patch
Line 267: Line 267:
If you do get error messages, you will need to apply the patch by hand. 
Open auth-no-homedir.patch in a text viewer. The file you need to patch 
is listed in the first line of auth-no-homedir.patch. Open that file 
in a text editor in another ttyv or xterm. 

The path file contains two contiguous lines, the first beginning with a 
"-" and the second beginning with a "+". The first is the line you will 
delete from the file to be patched, and the second is the line that will 
replace it; i.e. subtract the "-" line and add the "+" line. Immediately 
surrounding the two lines are the context lines; three above and three 
below. Search for the line in the file to be patched that matches the "-" 
line *and* has the same context lines above and below. When you find 
this line, delete it and replace it with the "+" line in the patch file. 
(Do not include the "+" marker.) Double check that you have deleted only 
what needs to be deleted and added only what needs to be added. Save 
the file and close the text editor and text viewer. Delete 
auth-no-homedir.patch. 

Once you have successfully run patch or patched by hand, return to 
/usr/ports/mail/dovecot. Open the Makefile in a text editor. Find the 
line that begins with "CONFIGURE_ARGS+=". If you don't have the 
If you do get error messages, you will need to apply the patch by hand.
Open auth-no-homedir.patch in a text viewer. The file you need to patch
is listed in the first line of auth-no-homedir.patch. Open that file
in a text editor in another ttyv or xterm.

The path file contains two contiguous lines, the first beginning with a
"-" and the second beginning with a "+". The first is the line you will
delete from the file to be patched, and the second is the line that will
replace it; i.e. subtract the "-" line and add the "+" line. Immediately
surrounding the two lines are the context lines; three above and three
below. Search for the line in the file to be patched that matches the "-"
line *and* has the same context lines above and below. When you find
this line, delete it and replace it with the "+" line in the patch file.
(Do not include the "+" marker.) Double check that you have deleted only
what needs to be deleted and added only what needs to be added. Save
the file and close the text editor and text viewer. Delete
auth-no-homedir.patch.

Once you have successfully run patch or patched by hand, return to
/usr/ports/mail/dovecot. Open the Makefile in a text editor. Find the
line that begins with "CONFIGURE_ARGS+=". If you don't have the
Line 292: Line 292:
Raw logging isn't necessary, but it can be useful. You have to have the  Raw logging isn't necessary, but it can be useful. You have to have the
Line 295: Line 295:
If you remove support for alternative authentication methods (PAM, PGSQL, 
etc), you should leave support for passwd. When I was debugging my 
configuration, I found it helpful to switch between passwd and LDAP 
authentication. If my setup worked with passwd and not with LDAP, then 
I knew that I needed to look at Dovecot's LDAP configuration, or at 
If you remove support for alternative authentication methods (PAM, PGSQL,
etc), you should leave support for passwd. When I was debugging my
configuration, I found it helpful to switch between passwd and LDAP
authentication. If my setup worked with passwd and not with LDAP, then
I knew that I needed to look at Dovecot's LDAP configuration, or at
Line 302: Line 302:
Save your changes to Makefile, and close the editor.  Save your changes to Makefile, and close the editor.
Line 308: Line 308:
If make completes and registers Dovecot without giving error messages, 
then your installation was successful. 
If make completes and registers Dovecot without giving error messages,
then your installation was successful.
Line 313: Line 313:
To start Dovecot automatically when you boot, go to /usr/local/etc/rc.d 
and copy dovecot.sh.sample to dovecot.sh. 

Go to /usr/local/share/doc/dovecot and copy dovecot-ldap.conf to 
the /usr/local/etc directory. Go to the /usr/local/etc directory and open 
To start Dovecot automatically when you boot, go to /usr/local/etc/rc.d
and copy dovecot.sh.sample to dovecot.sh.

Go to /usr/local/share/doc/dovecot and copy dovecot-ldap.conf to
the /usr/local/etc directory. Go to the /usr/local/etc directory and open
Line 320: Line 320:
The first setting is  The first setting is
Line 324: Line 324:
If Dovecot and OpenLDAP are running on the same machine, then this is 
fine. If you have OpenLDAP running on a different machine, you will 
If Dovecot and OpenLDAP are running on the same machine, then this is
fine. If you have OpenLDAP running on a different machine, you will
Line 331: Line 331:
This is set to the Distinguished Name that identifies the Dovecot  This is set to the Distinguished Name that identifies the Dovecot
Line 337: Line 337:
Set this to the password you assigned dovecot using the ldappasswd  Set this to the password you assigned dovecot using the ldappasswd
Line 348: Line 348:
This tells Dovecot where to search in your LDAP registry. Dovecot will 
search for passwords and UIDs in the entries that fall below ou=accounts 
This tells Dovecot where to search in your LDAP registry. Dovecot will
search for passwords and UIDs in the entries that fall below ou=accounts
Line 355: Line 355:
If you are referencing and dereferencing aliases, then you know a lot  If you are referencing and dereferencing aliases, then you know a lot
Line 361: Line 361:
This tells Dovecot to search all entries that fall below the base 
entry. If it were set to "onelevel", Dovecot would search only 
entries one level below the base entry. If it were set to "base", 
Dovecot would search only the base entry. 
This tells Dovecot to search all entries that fall below the base
entry. If it were set to "onelevel", Dovecot would search only
entries one level below the base entry. If it were set to "base",
Dovecot would search only the base entry.
Line 371: Line 371:
 example user@domain.com. The second uid is the system user id 
 which is used to lookup groups from /etc/groups file...You 
 example user@domain.com. The second uid is the system user id
 which is used to lookup groups from /etc/groups file...You
Line 376: Line 376:
 config file's default_mail_env. By default it doesn't exist in LDAP   config file's default_mail_env. By default it doesn't exist in LDAP
Line 380: Line 380:
patch, you're not using raw logging, you've set default values for uid and 
gid in this config file, and your LDAP entries don't use the posixAccount 
patch, you're not using raw logging, you've set default values for uid and
gid in this config file, and your LDAP entries don't use the posixAccount
Line 386: Line 386:
I haven't tried it, so I can't promise that it works. If you change the  I haven't tried it, so I can't promise that it works. If you change the
Line 390: Line 390:
 user_filter = (&(objectClass=posixAccount)(uid=%u))
}}}
Specifies which class to search in a given entry, and to find the
uid that matches the user name passed by the mail client.
----
{{{
 pass_attrs = uid,userPassword
}}}
Which attributes to use when matching passwords.
----
{{{
 pass_filter = (&(objectClass=posixAccount)(uid=%u))
 user_filter = (&amp;(objectClass=posixAccount)(uid=%u))
Line 407: Line 396:
 pass_attrs = uid,userPassword
}}}
Which attributes to use when matching passwords.
----
{{{
 pass_filter = (&amp;(objectClass=posixAccount)(uid=%u))
}}}
Specifies which class to search in a given entry, and to find the
uid that matches the user name passed by the mail client.
----
{{{
Line 409: Line 409:
If you leave this commented out, Dovecot will automatically detect that  If you leave this commented out, Dovecot will automatically detect that
Line 415: Line 415:
This provides a default UID number for LDAP entries that lack the 
uidNumber attribute. If you use the posixAccount object class in your 
LDAP registry, you can't enter data for an account without providing 
a uidNumber and gidNumber, so this and the next setting aren't 
This provides a default UID number for LDAP entries that lack the
uidNumber attribute. If you use the posixAccount object class in your
LDAP registry, you can't enter data for an account without providing
a uidNumber and gidNumber, so this and the next setting aren't
Line 426: Line 426:
While still in /usr/local/etc, open dovecot.conf in a text editor.  While still in /usr/local/etc, open dovecot.conf in a text editor.
Line 440: Line 440:
Dovecot listens on port 143 by default, so the port setting isn't 
necessary unless you want to use a different port. 
According to the documentation, * causes Dovecot to listen on all 
available IP4 interfaces. If your IMAP box is also your Internet 
gateway, and you're not offering mail services externally, then you 
probably don't want that. If you specify your LAN interface, Dovecot 
may continue to listen at localhost, but you can't count on it. If your 
Dovecot listens on port 143 by default, so the port setting isn't
necessary unless you want to use a different port.
According to the documentation, * causes Dovecot to listen on all
available IP4 interfaces. If your IMAP box is also your Internet
gateway, and you're not offering mail services externally, then you
probably don't want that. If you specify your LAN interface, Dovecot
may continue to listen at localhost, but you can't count on it. If your
Line 459: Line 459:
If you have this set to yes, you can ignore the SSL settings that follow  If you have this set to yes, you can ignore the SSL settings that follow
Line 471: Line 471:
----  ----
Line 476: Line 476:
If you are assigning the postoffice UID number to all mail accounts,  If you are assigning the postoffice UID number to all mail accounts,
Line 497: Line 497:
This tells Dovecot where the mail for a given account is located. Dovecot 
replaces "%u" with the account name. For the two user accounts in the 
ldif data hierarchy given above, "%u" would expand to ole_wobble and 
This tells Dovecot where the mail for a given account is located. Dovecot
replaces "%u" with the account name. For the two user accounts in the
ldif data hierarchy given above, "%u" would expand to ole_wobble and
Line 505: Line 505:
We don't use Outlook or Outlook Express. However, someone may decide 
to use an MS mail client in the future, and leaving this in place does 
We don't use Outlook or Outlook Express. However, someone may decide
to use an MS mail client in the future, and leaving this in place does
Line 512: Line 512:
My IMAP box really doesn't work very hard, so I don't think it matters 
how this is set. If your mail server gets hammered regularly, you may 
My IMAP box really doesn't work very hard, so I don't think it matters
how this is set. If your mail server gets hammered regularly, you may
Line 524: Line 524:
I also tried flock and dotlock, and they work FBSD. This is the  I also tried flock and dotlock, and they work FBSD. This is the
Line 542: Line 542:
If you need to switch to passwd authentication for testing, change 
this to 
If you need to switch to passwd authentication for testing, change
this to
Line 548: Line 548:
The comments in dovecot.conf make it look like there's supposed to be a 
colon in there, but this is the correct form. 
The comments in dovecot.conf make it look like there's supposed to be a
colon in there, but this is the correct form.
Line 559: Line 559:
If you need to switch to passwd authentication for testing, change 
this to 
If you need to switch to passwd authentication for testing, change
this to
Line 568: Line 568:
If you have to debug your configuration, you'll want as much information  If you have to debug your configuration, you'll want as much information
Line 570: Line 570:


 == this is my text ==

<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/indian/">indian xxx movies.</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/webcam/">livecam north carolina beach</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/gay/">alta gay sites</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/creampie/">free creampie porn downloads</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/lesbians/">hot lesbians in thongs</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/shemale/">travesti newsletter</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/pussy/">hot ass and pussy</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/bdsm/">women tickling men tied wrestling bondage</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/pissing/">girls peeing pants in public</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/hairy/">hairy nude women for free</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/fat/">free fat teen girls nude</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/scat/">latest scat videos</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/drunk/">naked girlfriend drunk</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/pantyhose/">free women in panties galleries</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/anal/">free sex stories anal women</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/cumshot/">cumshots facial xxx</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/toons/">adult comics galleries</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/rape/">father rapes young daugther free</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/teen/">teen bbs russian</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/asian/">asian shemales video clips</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/amateurs/">free shaved amateur pussy pictures</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/zoo/">free lesbian sex beast</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/mature/">mature amateur cops/daddies</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/celebrity/">teen celebrity porn sample videos</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/bizarre/">weird sex acts</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/pregnant/">pregnant teen breast photos</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/latina/">latina teens with big butts</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/fisting/">free forced fisting pics</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/incest/">free gay family incest stories</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/black/">hot ebony porn</a>
<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com//">free full length ebony porn</a>~~~~

TableOfContents

Software

  • FreeBSD 4.8
  • openldap-2.1.22
  • dovecot-0.99.10

Environment

This sets up mail accounts for people who don't have accounts on the FBSD box; e.g. there is a mail account for ole_wobble in the LDAP registry, but no matching account in the Unix passwd file. However, each mail account does require its own directory in /var/mail; e.g. for user Ole Wobble Olson, you need the directory /var/mail/ole_wobble. There is a Unix account named postoffice which handles all administrative tasks and owns the directories and files set up for mail accounts in /var/mail. The group for files in /var/mail is mail. Using ole_wobble as an example:

        # ls -l /var/mail | grep ole_wobble
        drwx--x--x  3 postoffice  mail  - 1024 Aug 23 04:15 ole_wobble

Mail storage is mbox, but these instructions should work fine with Maildir directories. The UID number for the postoffice account is 3000 and the GID number is 8. Change the ID numbers to match your system.

In each user directory in /var/mail, I create three files: inbox, outbox, and Trash. These are needed for the MUAs (mail clients) we use. Eudora requires the inbox to be "inbox", all lower case; mutt requires the outbox to be "outbox", all lower case, and Eudora uses a trash box named "Trash".

If you want to use raw logging, you will need to add a directory named "dovecot.rawlog" to /home/postoffice.

OpenLDAP

The OpenLDAP instructions are extremely sketchy and are intended only to supplement the instructions at the OpenLDAP web site. They give information specific to a Dovecot setup that is missing from the OpenLDAP manual.

Install

If you are going to use CRYPT password hashing as the default in OpenLDAP (this is compatible with Dovecot), then you will need to add the --enable-crypt option to the CONFIGRE_ARGS variable in the Makefile so that OpenLDAP will compile with CRYPT support. If you don't do this, OpenLDAP may actually work for a while, but then one day you'll restart the server and OpenLDAP will refuse to run until you remove the CRYPT setting from slapd.comf, which means the user passwords won't work.

If you have portupgrade installed, the simplest way to install OpenLDAP is by using the portinstall tool.

        # portinstall openldap21

The instructions for configuring OpenLDAP, including a Quick Install Guide, are at

OpenLDAP appears to be difficult to install properly. My first two attempts were unsuccessful. The FreeBSD port includes Pearl scripts that run tests to ensure that the installation succeeded. Even though the installation passed the tests, it couldn't be configured to work properly. On my third attempt, OpenLDAP worked but attempts to limit access to specified attributes caused OpenLDAP to refuse access to all attributes. On my fourth attempt, OpenLDAP ignored any attempts to limit access to specified attributes. While searching for information, I found a posting that commented that every installation of OpenLDAP on FreeBSD 4.8 requires its own config file; each installation behaves differently and the config file has to be tuned to the individual installation. You may need to install a few times before you get a usable installation of OpenLDAP.

Configure startup

Run as root, listen on all interfaces

This is the simplest set up. I recommed this for your initial set up and testing. Running as root is a security risk, so you probably want to change this before making the the server available to users.

The first step is to go to /etc/rc.conf and add the following line.

slapd_enable="YES"

This will cause the OS to look for slapd.sh and run it at bootup.

Go to /usr/local/etc/rc.d, and copy slapd.sh.sample to slapd.sh. (Yes, Virginia, there is a slap daemon.) Open the file in a text editor. If you have the following line

        # Uncomment one of the following:

ignore it. Comment out the following line if you have it.

        slapd_args="-u ldap -g ldap"

Save your changes and close the text editor.

Run as normal user, listen at specified sockets

Create a new user and group named "ldap". ldap needs access to the configuration file and the database.

chown ldap:ldap /usr/local/etc/openldap/slapd.conf
chown -R ldap:ldap /var/db/openldap-data

Add the following to /etc/rc.conf.

slapd_args="-u ldap -g ldap"

By default, slapd listens on all interfaces. On very small LANS, the mail and directory services often run on the box that functions as the Internet gateway. In that case you don't want slapd listening at the external interface, so you need to specify which interfaces you do want it to listen on. In the following, the LDAP host name can be substituted for the internal IP address, if the host name is not exposed outside the LAN.

slapd_args='-u ldap -g ldap -h "ldap://localhost/ ldap://&lt;Internal IP address&gt;/ ldapi://%2fvar%2frun%2fopenldap%2fldapi/????x-mod=0777"'

The ldapi specification is for Unix domain sockets. See the slapd man page.

slapd configuration

Go to the directory containing the OpenLDAP configuration files.

        # cd /usr/local/etc/openldap

Make a copy of slapd.conf.default and name it slapd.conf. Open slapd.conf in a text editor. You will need the the following lines to reference the schemas you need:

        include         /usr/local/etc/openldap/schema/core.schema
        include         /usr/local/etc/openldap/schema/cosine.schema
        include         /usr/local/etc/openldap/schema/nis.schema

The following line will set the default password hashing method to the CRYPT algorithm, which is compatible with Dovecot:

        password-hash {CRYPT}

The Quick Install Guide at the OpenLDAP explains how to set up an administrator with global rights on the LDAP registry, and how to add entries.

Creating the database

Here is a data hierarchy in ldif format that can be used to provide Dovecot mail accounts. You should be able to copy it into an ldif file, modify it for your own use, and install it all at once.

        dn: dc=wibble,dc=net
                objectClass: top
                objectClass: dcObject
                objectClass: organization
                o: Wibble Corp.
                dc: wibble
                description: Wibble, with Ole Wobble and Ole Wubble

        dn: ou=accounts,dc=wibble,dc=net
                objectClass: top
                objectClass: organizationalUnit
                ou: accounts

        dn: cn=dovecot,ou=accounts,dc=wibble,dc=net
                objectClass: top
                objectclass: person
                cn: dovecot
                sn: dovecot

        dn: uid=ole_wobble,ou=accounts,dc=wibble,dc=net
                objectClass: top
                objectclass: person
                objectClass: posixAccount
                cn: Ole Wobble Olson
                sn: Olson
                uid: ole_wobble
                uidNumber: 3000
                gidNumber: 8
                homeDirectory: /usr/home/postoffice

        dn: uid=ole_wubble,ou=accounts,dc=wibble,dc=net
                objectClass: top
                objectclass: person
                objectClass: posixAccount
                cn: Ole Wubble Olson
                sn: Olson
                uid: ole_wubble
                uidNumber: 3000
                gidNumber: 8
                homeDirectory: /usr/home/postoffice

The expression "dc=wibble,dc=net" should match the suffix setting in slapd.conf.

If you plan to install this by copying it to a file and running ldapadd, you must retain the blank lines.

The uidNumber is set to the uid number of the postoffice account. The gidNumber is set to the gid number of the mail group. The homeDirectory is set to the home directory of the postoffice account. This allows the raw log function to write to that directory. If you don't include the homeDirectory attribute, you will have to apply a patch to Dovecot. The patch is described below, in the Installing Dovecot section. The use of the posixAccount object class requires that you use the uid, cn, uidNumber, gidNumber, and homeDirectory attributes (and therefore shouldn't need the patch).

The home directory is always set to the home directory of the postoffice account. This allows writing raw logs to the postoffice home directory.

To insert the entries above, save them in a file named wibble.ldif. Run ldapadd from the command line:

        ldapadd -W -D "cn=Manager,dc=krig,dc=net" -f /usr/local/etc/openldap/wibble.ldif

Returning to slap.conf, the following will give dovecot read access to the entries in the ou=accounts section, but no write access and no access to other parts of the registry.

        access to dn.children="ou=accounts,dc=wibble,dc=net"
                by dn="cn=dovecot,ou=accounts,dc=wibble,dc=net" read
                by anonymous auth

This is enough to allow Dovecot to authenticate mail users and itself.

The final step in setting up your LDAP registry is to add the passwords. Every account in the ou=accounts section will need one. Assuming that you've slavishly imitated the example in the Quick Install Guide at the OpenLDAP site and called your LDAP administrator "Manager", you can add passwords from the command line with

$ ldappasswd -W -S -D "cn=Manager,dc=krig,dc=net" "cn=dovecot,ou=accounts,dc=wibble,dc=net"

for the dovecot user and

$ ldappasswd -W -S -D "cn=Manager,dc=krig,dc=net" "uid=ole_wobble,ou=accounts,dc=wibble,dc=net"

for mail accounts. The -S option prompts you for the new password, and the -W option prompts you for the LDAP Manager password.

You can view the finished registry with

$ ldapsearch -LLL -W -D "cn=Manager,dc=krig,dc=net" -b "dc=krig,dc=net" "(objectclass=*)"

Installing Dovecot

Again, the simplest approach is the portinstall tool. If you don't include homeDirectory info with your all your LDAP entries, you will need a patch. Download the patch from

To apply the patch, go to /usr/ports/mail/dovecot. If you've previously installed dovecot and still have the work directory, you need to remove it.

        # make distclean

Then you need to recreate the work directory.

        # make patch

Go to the directory containing the file you need to patch.

        # cd /usr/ports/mail/dovecot/work/dovecot-0.99.10/src/auth

Copy auth-no-homedir.patch (the patch file you downloaded) to this directory. Now run patch.

        # patch -p0 &lt; auth-no-homedir.patch

If you get no error messages, you can proceed with the installation. If you do get error messages, you will need to apply the patch by hand. Open auth-no-homedir.patch in a text viewer. The file you need to patch is listed in the first line of auth-no-homedir.patch. Open that file in a text editor in another ttyv or xterm.

The path file contains two contiguous lines, the first beginning with a "-" and the second beginning with a "+". The first is the line you will delete from the file to be patched, and the second is the line that will replace it; i.e. subtract the "-" line and add the "+" line. Immediately surrounding the two lines are the context lines; three above and three below. Search for the line in the file to be patched that matches the "-" line *and* has the same context lines above and below. When you find this line, delete it and replace it with the "+" line in the patch file. (Do not include the "+" marker.) Double check that you have deleted only what needs to be deleted and added only what needs to be added. Save the file and close the text editor and text viewer. Delete auth-no-homedir.patch.

Once you have successfully run patch or patched by hand, return to /usr/ports/mail/dovecot. Open the Makefile in a text editor. Find the line that begins with "CONFIGURE_ARGS+=". If you don't have the following two arguments, add them.

        --with-rawlog --with-ldap

Raw logging isn't necessary, but it can be useful. You have to have the --with-ldap argument to enable Dovecot to work with LDAP.

If you remove support for alternative authentication methods (PAM, PGSQL, etc), you should leave support for passwd. When I was debugging my configuration, I found it helpful to switch between passwd and LDAP authentication. If my setup worked with passwd and not with LDAP, then I knew that I needed to look at Dovecot's LDAP configuration, or at OpenLDAP.

Save your changes to Makefile, and close the editor.

Now you're ready to install.

        # make install

If make completes and registers Dovecot without giving error messages, then your installation was successful.

Configure Dovecot

dovecot-ldap.conf

To start Dovecot automatically when you boot, go to /usr/local/etc/rc.d and copy dovecot.sh.sample to dovecot.sh.

Go to /usr/local/share/doc/dovecot and copy dovecot-ldap.conf to the /usr/local/etc directory. Go to the /usr/local/etc directory and open dovecot-ldap.conf in a text editor.

The first setting is

        hosts = localhost

If Dovecot and OpenLDAP are running on the same machine, then this is fine. If you have OpenLDAP running on a different machine, you will need to set this to the name of the LDAP machine.


        dn = uid=dovecot,ou=accounts,dc=wibble,dc=net

This is set to the Distinguished Name that identifies the Dovecot entry in your LDAP registry.


        dnpass = flop

Set this to the password you assigned dovecot using the ldappasswd command.


        ldap_version = 3

'Nuff said.


        base = ou=accounts,dc=wibble,dc=net

This tells Dovecot where to search in your LDAP registry. Dovecot will search for passwords and UIDs in the entries that fall below ou=accounts in the data hierarchy.


        deref = never

If you are referencing and dereferencing aliases, then you know a lot more about LDAP than I do.


        scope = subtree

This tells Dovecot to search all entries that fall below the base entry. If it were set to "onelevel", Dovecot would search only entries one level below the base entry. If it were set to "base", Dovecot would search only the base entry.


        user_attrs = uid,homeDirectory,,uid,uidNumber,gidNumber

From an e-mail that Timo sent to the list:

  • The first uid is the virtual user name that you log in with. For

    example user@domain.com. The second uid is the system user id which is used to lookup groups from /etc/groups file...You really don't want to have it if you have only virtual users. Two commas mean simply that the value in the middle of them doesn't exist. That'd be the MAIL environment which you can use to override config file's default_mail_env. By default it doesn't exist in LDAP so it's empty.

If you have set up your LDAP registry so that it doesn't supply homeDirectory, uidNumber, and gidNumber (which means that you've applied the homeDirectory patch, you're not using raw logging, you've set default values for uid and gid in this config file, and your LDAP entries don't use the posixAccount object class), you can try the following:

        user_attrs = uid,,,uid,,

I haven't tried it, so I can't promise that it works. If you change the default setting, don't remove any of the commas.


        user_filter = (&amp;(objectClass=posixAccount)(uid=%u))

Specifies which class to search in a given entry, and to find the uid that matches the user name passed by the mail client.


        pass_attrs = uid,userPassword

Which attributes to use when matching passwords.


        pass_filter = (&amp;(objectClass=posixAccount)(uid=%u))

Specifies which class to search in a given entry, and to find the uid that matches the user name passed by the mail client.


        default_pass_scheme = CRYPT

If you leave this commented out, Dovecot will automatically detect that OpenLDAP is using CRYPT.


        user_global_uid = 3000

This provides a default UID number for LDAP entries that lack the uidNumber attribute. If you use the posixAccount object class in your LDAP registry, you can't enter data for an account without providing a uidNumber and gidNumber, so this and the next setting aren't necessary.


        user_global_gid = 8

dovecot.conf

While still in /usr/local/etc, open dovecot.conf in a text editor.

        base_dir = /var/dovecot/

This was created for you during installation.


        protocols = imap

You can add other protocols if you want. This setup only uses IMAP.


        imap_listen = *:143

Dovecot listens on port 143 by default, so the port setting isn't necessary unless you want to use a different port. According to the documentation, * causes Dovecot to listen on all available IP4 interfaces. If your IMAP box is also your Internet gateway, and you're not offering mail services externally, then you probably don't want that. If you specify your LAN interface, Dovecot may continue to listen at localhost, but you can't count on it. If your host name isn't exposed externally, then you can use

        imap_listen = wibblemailhost:143

Otherwise use

        imap_listen = 192.168.15.23:143


        ssl_disable = yes

If you have this set to yes, you can ignore the SSL settings that follow in dovecot.conf.


        login_dir = /var/dovecot/login
        login_chroot = yes
        login = imap
        login_executable = /usr/local/libexec/dovecot/imap-login
        login_user = dovecot
        verbose_proctitle = yes

The above are all part of the default conf file.


        first_valid_uid = 3000
        last_valid_uid = 3000

If you are assigning the postoffice UID number to all mail accounts, you can restrict access to only that UID number.


        first_valid_gid = 8
        last_valid_gid = 8

Since all mail accounts are assigned the mail group's number...


        valid_chroot_dirs = /var/mail

Another default conf file setting.


        default_mail_env = mbox:/var/mail/%u

or

        default_mail_env = maildir:/var/mail/%u

This tells Dovecot where the mail for a given account is located. Dovecot replaces "%u" with the account name. For the two user accounts in the ldif data hierarchy given above, "%u" would expand to ole_wobble and ole_wubble.


        client_workarounds = oe6-fetch-no-newmail outlook-idle

We don't use Outlook or Outlook Express. However, someone may decide to use an MS mail client in the future, and leaving this in place does no harm.


        mail_save_crlf = yes

My IMAP box really doesn't work very hard, so I don't think it matters how this is set. If your mail server gets hammered regularly, you may want to play with this and see if it makes a difference in speed.


        maildir_copy_with_hardlinks = yes

"yes" is supposed to be faster. See the comments in the config file for the tradeoffs.


        mbox_locks = fcntl

I also tried flock and dotlock, and they work FBSD. This is the preferred setting, if it works on your system.


        imap_executable = /usr/local/libexec/dovecot/imap
        auth = default

More default conf file settings.


        auth_mechanisms = plain

"plain" seems more likely to work under more circumstances.


        auth_userdb = ldap /usr/local/etc/dovecot-ldap.conf
        auth_passdb = ldap /usr/local/etc/dovecot-ldap.conf

If you need to switch to passwd authentication for testing, change this to

        auth_userdb = passwd
        auth_passdb = passwd /etc/master.passwd

The comments in dovecot.conf make it look like there's supposed to be a colon in there, but this is the correct form.


        auth_executable = /usr/local/libexec/dovecot/dovecot-auth

More default conf file settings.


        auth_user = dovecot-auth

If you need to switch to passwd authentication for testing, change this to

        auth_user = root


        auth_verbose = yes

If you have to debug your configuration, you'll want as much information as possible.

  • == this is my text ==

<a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/indian/">indian xxx movies.</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/webcam/">livecam north carolina beach</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/gay/">alta gay sites</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/creampie/">free creampie porn downloads</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/lesbians/">hot lesbians in thongs</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/shemale/">travesti newsletter</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/pussy/">hot ass and pussy</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/bdsm/">women tickling men tied wrestling bondage</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/pissing/">girls peeing pants in public</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/hairy/">hairy nude women for free</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/fat/">free fat teen girls nude</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/scat/">latest scat videos</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/drunk/">naked girlfriend drunk</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/pantyhose/">free women in panties galleries</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/anal/">free sex stories anal women</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/cumshot/">cumshots facial xxx</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/toons/">adult comics galleries</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/rape/">father rapes young daugther free</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/teen/">teen bbs russian</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/asian/">asian shemales video clips</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/amateurs/">free shaved amateur pussy pictures</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/zoo/">free lesbian sex beast</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/mature/">mature amateur cops/daddies</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/celebrity/">teen celebrity porn sample videos</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/bizarre/">weird sex acts</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/pregnant/">pregnant teen breast photos</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/latina/">latina teens with big butts</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/fisting/">free forced fisting pics</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/incest/">free gay family incest stories</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com/black/">hot ebony porn</a> <a href="http://ulfhd.dynaip.com//">free full length ebony porn</a>~~~~

None: HowTo/DovecotOpenLdap (last edited 2009-06-20 22:15:41 by PascalVolk)